Saturday, December 28, 2019

Malcolm X s Influence On American Culture - 1400 Words

Born Malcolm Little on May 19, 1925 in Ohama,Nebraska, Malcolm X is know for his numerous actions to help the afro-american community in its battle to obtain more power in its own community.Often seen as a black supremacist when he first gained attention, his message slowly changed to finally include white people in a positive way.He also tried to convert Americans to Islam, wich he saw as the only religion that erades from its society the race problem.He was born in a period where racism was very present (black people were free since 1865). He and his family were often targeted by white supremacist. They have been forced to move to another state two times because members of the Ku Klux Klan threatened them. His father gave speaches†¦show more content†¦The principles of this community are that all white men are devils and that they are the source of all the problems in the black community. Malcolm joined this group and became a muslim, after having thought about all the wh ite person he ever met (which confirms Elijah Muhammad s theory). Those two events made Malcolm thinks about everything that happened to him during his life. Before, he taught that he was victim of racism as an individual, but after these events he viewed it as racism against the entire black community. He wanted to inform the others and he wanted to bring change so that black americans wouldn t be oppressed anymore.At another point during his lifetime, Malcolm was choked by a serie of events who made him bring change in another way. First, he decided to quit the Nation of Islam because he felt betrayed by Elijah Muhammad, who he admired for twelve years without arguing at any moment. He felt that way because after two women said that Mr. Muhammad was the father of their children and that they needed help, he never offered appologies to the rest of the community for having been a bad example. Malcolm then decided to do a pelgrimnage at the Mecca. During this spiritual trip, he met white muslims who were the opposite of a racist person. This event i nfluenced his speech considerably, since he started to include white people in a good way.To succed, this leader certainly had traits whoShow MoreRelatedMalcolm X And Mia Mckenzie1035 Words   |  5 Pageshave existed in America, among these problems, many great thinkers have emerged, but two of the most influential of this century are Malcolm X and Mia McKenzie. Malcolm X was one of many civil rights leaders during the 1960’s, who alongside Martin Luther King Jr. was able to bring an end to the segregation laws of the United States. Mia McKenzie is an African American writer who has written countless books, and addresses the issues of racism, queerness, class, and gender in the modern decade. BothRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X1276 Words   |  6 Pagesof Malcolm X as told to Alex Haley, and Coming of Age in Mississippi by Anne Moody sheds light on how principles of ambition, pride, and faith throughout their lives paved individual paths for revolutionary success. Troubling upbringings as seen in both of their lives eventually instilled a drive that ultimately revolutionized America’s perspective of racial equality. Their worldview grows to encompass humanity as one and is developed alongside their spiritual and cultural inquiry. Malcolm X wasRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X Essay1152 Words   |  5 Pages THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF MALCOLM X Introduction Malcolm X?s autobiography written in collaboration with Alex Haley is an exciting story of personality transformation. During several years, Malcolm X told Haley his biography in several extensive interviews. Haley described and orchestrated the stories and Malcolm X edited and endorsed every part of the book. The story is narrated in the first person and it seems like Malcolm was writing this of his ownRead MoreMalcom X s Experiences Inspired His Autobiography1223 Words   |  5 Pagesone of the greatest and influential in African Americans in history, Malcon Little was born on May 19, 1925 in Omaha, Nebraska, and murder on February 21, 1965 in New York by three Nation of Islam members. Best known as Malcon X, he was also known as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz, an American Muslim minister and a human rights activist. Malcon X was a fervent advocate the separation of black and white Americans, and rejected the civil rights movement s emphasis on integration. He f ought for the promotionRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X1491 Words   |  6 Pagesand ratified in favor of African Americans. Many famous African Americans, from musicians to authors and leaders to entertainers, sprouted from the influence of this period. Two strong leaders from this era were Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. Martin Luther King Jr. made a bigger impact on the population than Malcolm X because of his speeches, beliefs, direct and peaceful activities, and the effect his death had on the population. Martin Luther King Jr.’s belief was that people of all colorsRead MoreWhose Filosophy Made the Most Sense for Merica in the 1960s? Malcom X or Martin Luther King Jr.?1036 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X grew up in different environments. King was raised in a comfortable middle-class family where education was crucial, and Malcolm X came from a family of low class. He was a self-taught man who received little schooling and became who he is on his own. Martin Luther King was born into a good family. Despite segregation, Martin Luther King s parents tried everything so that he could be secure and happy. He was a smart student and skipped two grades before enteringRead MoreSteve Biko vs. Malcolm X1722 Words   |  7 PagesMalcolm X and Steve Biko Black Consciousness Malcolm X and Steve Biko were one of the two most preeminent leaders in world history. These men changed lives and stood up for millions of Africans and African Americans during their short lives. These two men lived by a saying â€Å"black is beautiful†. They also believed that black people in the United States as well as Africans mainly in South Africa deserved the same rights and equality as any other man in the world. They lived through the rough eraRead MoreMalcolm X : An International Treasure1736 Words   |  7 Pagesto a desire to make a change. Malcolm Little, better known as Malcolm X, suffered most of his life due to racism. The racism and discrimination he endured became so overwhelming that he decided to make a change and take action against white supremacy for blacks in America(Biography.com Editors). As an African-American, he and other African-Americans risked their lives to create a better life for themselves and the African-American race. The challenges tha t Malcolm X overcame and his success in hisRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X Is A National Bestseller1657 Words   |  7 PagesThe Autobiography of Malcolm X is a national bestseller pinpointing Malcolm X’s involvement in the Civil Rights Movement and the Nation of Islam. Malcolm X expresses the journey he took to become the momentous leader he is known as today, and tells the personal reasoning behind his movement. Alex Haley assisted Malcolm X in his writing, and together they produced a masterpiece. This book appeals to those interested in social justice and reform, as well as religion and spiritual enlightenment. TheRead MoreA Man And A Doll. Society As A Unit, Has Been Pushing Towards1475 Words   |  6 Pagesand fix where society has holes to further integrate the perfect principles that will then replace social norms, and break through what once was a flawed belief system. the social rights activist Malcom X was one of these icons who fought to create a better world for African Americans. The child s toy Barbie, was a symbol towards women and pushed the idea of that women can push through the ideals that society wanted them to be. Both for a cause, one plastic, one man, both with an idea. It is stated

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Intellectual Property Protection And Stricter Copyright Laws

With all the groups mentioned above, intellectual property protection and stricter copyright laws are being discussed, which is a step forward in the right direction. The more these organizations reach out to inform others that intellectual property protection is imperative, the more minds will be had in building ideas for a better tomorrow. The biggest question is why should the average individual care about the protection of intellectual property? The answer is, everyone should strive together as human beings to protect each other’s ideas, creations, and fortunes. If that is not a good enough reason to persuade the average individual, then maybe protecting the loss of money from intellectual property theft is. The economy is constantly in the news and the nation s debt is a big concern to millions of Americans. If the United States’ bank account is a big concern, then people should be worried or at least interested in the progress of intellectual property protection. The United States’ financial problems cannot be fixed with the successful implementation of intellectual property protection, but it is a positive place to start. The best solution to protecting intellectual property globally would be to set up an Intellectual Property Organization in every country and have those organizations report to one large organization such as The World Intellectual Property Organization. The organization at the top of this system could be full of scholarly individuals fromShow MoreRelatedCopyright Infringement Is The Unmistakable Reproduction Of Someone Else s Intellectual Property1527 Words   |  7 PagesCopyright infringement is the unmistakable reproduction of someone else’s intellectual property. To combat this issue, governments have passed many laws pertaining to the issue of online copyright and piracy, though, these laws have not stopped people from committing online internet crimes. However, those who commit copyright infringement online rarely know that they are committing a computer crime because of how easy technology has made it to reproduce someone else’s content. The consequence ofRead Mo reEssay on Intellectual Property in the Age of the Internet1683 Words   |  7 PagesIntellectual Property in the Age of the Internet When Tim Berners-Lee created the Internet as a non-proprietor, not-for-profit information conduit, he could not have predicted how controversial digitized intellectual property would become. Prior to the Internet, intellectual property was a fairly straightforward issue. It was protected with copyright, trademark, and patent legislations, which granted exclusive rights to owners. Violations were not as abundant because distribution wasRead MoreEssay Issues on Patent and Copyright Laws In China2391 Words   |  10 PagesIssues on Patent and Copyright Laws In China This site contains information on Chinas patent and copyright law. It goes on to discuss some ethical issues about Chinas lack of law enforcement on intellectual property protection. History of Patent System China’s patent system can be traced back to the late Qing Dynasty when China began signing international treaties. For example, on August 18, 1903, China and the United States agreed on a treaty on navigation and commerce. The treatyRead MoreFile Sharing Should Not Be Illegal1611 Words   |  7 Pagessharing is the exchange of files over computer networks. These files include all types of media, software, and books. While some file sharing is legal, there are illegal downloads of copyrighted property widely available; there are intense debates about the level of protection of intellectual properties that should be used for these files. The increase of sharing copyrighted media over the internet has led to many lawsuits and court battles (Oberholzer†Gee and Strumpet). The sharing of files thatRead MoreIntellectual Property Essay1247 Words   |  5 Pagesdifficult because counterfeiters are using everything to fake expensive products and then sell them at lower prices. Governments try to avoid counterfeits by using strict regulations against phony products, but there is no way to avoid a huge flow of law quality products that are faked. We think that while producing some products the company should know its distribution channels very well, where and to whom the products are sold, and then control its network to avoid counterfeiting. For example whenRead MoreEssay on Legislation of ICT1190 Words   |  5 PagesICT. Legislation protects people and ensures that there is no abuse by others to those investing in the technology. -Data protection act in 1998 - The Data Protection Act now covers certain types of manual records (like health records) as well as electronic records. -The Data Protection Act that was made in 1998 -Basically the data protection act is so that the wrong people don’t get hold of your work that you do not want them to see. -Computer misuse act in 1990 Read MoreThe Legal Liability Of Apple s Itunes4537 Words   |  19 PagesBone Diagram – Intellectual Property COPY RIGHTS â€Å"Applies Liability to Copyright Infringement with the invention of iTunes and iPod† Protection of intellectual property (IP) is devised into four parts: copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets and patents. Even though all four parts share a common goal, each follow its own special sets of rules and requirements. The part of this paper, specifically concentrated on the copyrights infringement. Although copyright infringement ActsRead MoreSoftware Piracy on the Internet Essay1376 Words   |  6 Pageslost revenues, with losses exceeding $2.8 billion in the U.S. alone. Approximately 27 percent of the business software in the U.S. are obtained illegally. That translates into fewer jobs, less innovation, and higher costs for consumers. Online copyright theft is rising to epidemic proportions, threatening the creative industries while inhibiting the development of electronic commerce, reported Robert Holleyman, President and CEO of the Business Software Alliance (BSA). The economic impact of thisRead MoreHow Copyright Law Was Established, And How The Establishment Infl uences Advertising2037 Words   |  9 Pagescredits. I believe intellectual laws are as important as any other law because it defines the ethical aspect of the three core values of the United States of America liberty, freedom and democracy. Copyright law is an intellectual law that grants ownership to the author and protects the author from copyright infringement. This paper will discuss how copyright law was established, and how the establishment influences advertising. I begin by examining the history of copyright before it became a constitutionalRead MoreNational Differences in Political Economy2934 Words   |  12 Pagespolitical philosophy, states tend to enact laws that severely restrict private enterprise.   True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False    17.  Judges under a civil law system have less flexibility than those under a common law system.   True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False    18.  In a common law system, judges have the power to interpret the law.   True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False    19.  A civil law system tends to be more adversarial than a common law system.   True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False    20.  Contracts under a civil law system tend to be very detailed with all

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Managing Human Resources for Negotiation- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theManaging Human Resources for Negotiation. Answer: Introduction Human resource management (HRM) is the process of managing human resource and it is actually designed for maximizing the productivity of the employees for enhancing overall organizational productivity. The purpose or aim of this study is to explore various HRM theories and concepts for effective management of human resource. Effective human resource management is extremely important for enhancing the overall organizational productivity. The study will recommend various ways to the CEO of the first hospital in the case study for improving their HRM practice. The study will also analyze various features for building sustainable human resource capability. Improving HRM in First Hospital Developing Separate and Dedicated HR Department The prime issue in the first hospital of the case study is that it does not have any separate and dedicated human resource (HR) department. The CEO and finance manager are currently running the HR functions. They are virtually developing all of the HR functions in the hospital. In such situation, lack of proper HR knowledge of these managers is actually driving problems in human resource management (HRM). In such situation, the CEO of the hospital should build a dedicated and separate HR department for managing the human resources. According to Jackson et al., (2014), proper HR management needs a HR manager, who has extensive knowledge in his domain area. Therefore, this hospital should also have a senior manager for managing the human resource properly. Negotiation and Collaboration Without having a knowledge and senior HR manager, the hospital has become incapable of handling the disputes of the employees. In this way, increasing industrial disputes is ultimately becoming the reason for employee frustration and de-motivation. According to Brauns, (2013), negotiation and collaboration is way, where both employers and employees come into an agreed point for resolving conflict between them. This hospital should also adopt negotiation and collaboration process for resolving the conflicting situation at the workplace. On the other hand, Kramar, (2014) opined that negotiation and collaboration find the root cause of the problem and attend the conflicting situation in least confrontational manner. Therefore, the hospital should immediately adopt negotiation and collaboration for resolving its industrial disputes. Supportive Managerial Practice Lack of proper human resource management in this hospital ultimately cause challenges for the quality care and even causing serious accidents involving staffs and patients. Moreover, the employees are not getting proper managerial support handling critical care of the patients. In this way, such ineffective managerial support causes staff grievances in the hospital. According to Alfes et al., (2013), supportive managers are always intended to provide kind support to the employees, which enhance employee morale and their association with organizational success. Therefore, the CEO and HR department of the hospital should be concentrated on providing supportive managerial practice to the employees in solving critical tasks. On the other hand, Kehoe and Wright, (2013) pointed out that supportive managers always show concern for the issues of the employees. It actually enhances the motivation level of the employees. Therefore, the CEO of the hospital should be very much concerned about in itiating supportive managerial practice for reducing staff grievance. Effective Communication The reason behind increased staff grievance and industrial disputes of this hospital can be the lack of effective communication with the staffs. According to McDermott et al., (2013), effective communication assists an organization in establishing clear expectation with the employees. Therefore, the employees can better understand their job responsibilities by avoiding any role conflict. Likewise, the CEO of the organization should also initiate flexible communication for better communication of job roles to the staffs. It will encourage the staffs in better concentrating on their jobs and reduce de-motivation level. On the other hand, Sheehan, (2014) opined that flexible communication assists the employees in sharing their issues with their supervisors. Therefore, the CEO and the HR department of this hospital should initiate flexible communication, where the staffs would be able to share their issues with top management directly so that the issues are resolved immediately. In this way, flexible communication will be helpful for the hospital to reduce employee grievances. Fair and Justified Performance Appraisal Lack of effective performance appraisal in this hospital is actually causing employee depression, which is also increasing the absenteeism rate. Moreover, the staffs are also leaving the hospital for its ineffective performance appraisal and career growth options. According to Paill et al., (2014), effective performance management provides adequate value to the employees for their contribution in organizational success. Therefore, the HR department of this hospital should conduct fair and justified performance appraisal for giving proper valuation to the staffs for their contribution level in hospital success. It will actually enhance the motivation level of the employees and reduce the absenteeism and turnover rate of the staffs. In this way, the hospital will be able to recover the issues of staff shortage. Features of Sustainable HR Capability Responsibility Oriented HR Team Responsibility is one of the most important features for building sustainable HR capability. According to Al Ariss et al., (2014), responsible human resources teams are highly concerned about successfully meeting the organizational goals and maintain economic develop of their organization. Therefore, such responsible HR team would perfectly assess the human resource demand for successful meeting organization goals with adequate productivity. On the other hand, Rasool and Shah, (2015) opined that responsible HR team also understand and meet the needs of human resource for increased employee satisfaction. In this way, responsible HR teams are quite capable of maintaining sustainable human management in the organization. Accountability and Trust According to Kramar, (2014), the HR team should be accountable and transparent enough with the employees for managing sustainable managerial practice. Moreover, the HR team should clearly communication organizational values and goals among the employees. It would keep the employee intact with the organizational goals and value, which will ultimately enhance their productivity. Therefore, accountability is also an important feature for sustainable HR capability, which will maintain sustainable productivity of the organization. On the other hand, Kehoe and Wright, (2013) opined that HR team should be highly capable of building trust with the employees so that they can genuinely align with the organizational goals and objectives for providing increasing productivity. Therefore, trust is also an important feature for building sustainable HR capability. Long Term Perspective According to Sheehan, (2014), HR teams having long term perspective can plan for long term profitability of their organization. Therefore, high forecasting power and long-term perspective of the HR team help an organization towards maintaining productive human resource for overall and long term organizational profitability. Therefore, long-term perspective is an important feature towards building sustainable HR capability. Innovative Approach for Mitigating Organizational Risk Contemporary business organizations are more likely to face dynamic business challenges in the market. The situation can also be same for the hospital of the case study. According to Kramar, (2014), innovative approach of the HR teams encourages them towards thinking out of the box for sustaining the organizational profitability through retaining talented employees. On the other hand, Al Ariss et al., (2014) opined that innovative approach also make the employees more productive even in challenging situation for sustainable organizational profitability. Therefore, innovative approach of the HR teams is extremely important for building sustainable HR capability of this hospital. Conclusion While concluding the study, it can be said that the prime issue in the first hospital of the case study is lack of dedicated and separate HR department. Therefore, the hospital should first develop a dedicated and separate HR team for perfectly managing the human resources and providing best care to the patients. The CEO and HR department should be highly concentrated on negotiation and collaboration for reducing the industrial disputes of the hospital. The HR managers of the hospital should also conduct effective and fair performance appraisal for enhancing employee motivation and reducing turnover rate. In case of second hospital of the case study, responsibility oriented HR team is extremely important for building sustainable HR capability. References Al Ariss, A., Cascio, W. F., Paauwe, J. (2014). Talent management: Current theories and future research directions.Journal of World Business,49(2), 173-179. Alfes, K., Shantz, A. D., Truss, C., Soane, E. C. (2013). The link between perceived human resource management practices, engagement and employee behaviour: a moderated mediation model.The international journal of human resource management,24(2), 330-351. Brauns, M. (2013), "Aligning Strategic Human Resource Management To Human Resources, Performance And Reward",The International Business Economics Research Journal (Online),vol. 12, no. 11, pp. 1405 Jackson, S. E., Schuler, R. S., Jiang, K. (2014). An aspirational framework for strategic human resource management.Academy of Management Annals,8(1), 1-56. Kehoe, R. R., Wright, P. M. (2013). The impact of high-performance human resource practices on employees attitudes and behaviors.Journal of management,39(2), 366-391. Kramar, R. (2014). Beyond strategic human resource management: is sustainable human resource management the next approach?.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,25(8), 1069-1089. McDermott, A.M., Conway, E., Rousseau, D.M. Flood, P.C. (2013). Promoting effective psychological contracts through leadership: The missing link between HR strategy and performance.Human Resource Management,52(2), pp.289-310. Paill, P., Chen, Y., Boiral, O., Jin, J. (2014). The impact of human resource management on environmental performance: An employee-level study.Journal of Business Ethics,121(3), 451-466. Rasool, B. N., Shah, A., PhD. (2015). Evaluating the impact of human resources on firm performance: A literature review.Journal of Behavioural Sciences,25(2), 25-46. Sheehan, M. (2014). Human resource management and performance: Evidence from small and medium-sized firms.International Small Business Journal,32(5), 545-570.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

The Impact of Workplace Bullying

Introduction Bullying is one of the most common vices manifested in workplaces. Workplace Bullying Institute (WBI), explains it as a practice through which employees subject colleagues to patterns of psychological, physical, or collective behavior that compromise dignity, cause harm, or lead to various forms of threats (Wiedmer, 2010). Statistics indicate that 37% of the working population in the United States has been bullied at one point in their workplaces.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Workplace Bullying specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This behavior is prevalent among bosses who often look down on their juniors. Men constitute the highest number of bullies compared to women. Workplace bullies mainly target colleagues who pose potential threat to their careers due to their skills, work experience, and contributions towards the overall organizational success. Employers have an ethical responsib ility to ensure that they provide secure and inclusive work environments that allow employees to achieve maximum productivity (Wiedmer, 2010). This is attained through the development of effective policies and practices that govern employee behavior within the workplace. Workplace bullying has direct impact on victims and organizations. Impact of workplace bullying on victims and the organization The negative impacts of bullying in the workplace develop as a result of ignorance among employees regarding the vice, unreported cases, as well as the negligence of organizational leaders (Baack, 2011). Since there are various forms of workplace bullying, employees react differently whenever they are victimized. The most notable outcomes of workplace bullying include impaired decision making, low self esteem, depression, reduced quality of life, stress, low productivity, as well as suicide in extreme cases. Reduced quality of life is exprienced when victims of bullying succumb to pressure and ultimately quit their jobs. Loss of jobs results in loss of medical cover and inability to sustain their families (Wiedmer, 2010). Workplace bullying also impacts the organization heavily. Employers who fail to provide a secure workplace deal with various challenges related to unethical practices, such as bullying in their workforce. Some of the negative outcomes experienced by organizations include increased costs of operation due to compensation claims, high levels of absenteeism, low employee morale, bad publicity, and reduced performance (Baack, 2011). Others include reduced efficiency in service provision, as well as increased expenses from recruitment and selection of employees.Advertising Looking for essay on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Bullying in the workplace happens on a regular basis because people are involved in numerous activities that are not acceptable in the workplace. Culprits often resort to bullying in order to secure their interests and integrity, as well as to protect themselves (Lavan Martin, 2008). I work as a United States Marine and an administrator. I have experienced a number of bullying practices in my workplace. In certain cases, I was the victim. The first case of bullying occurred while working as an administrator with the United States Marine. My duties and responsibilities were very clear, and I worked diligently to ensure that everything was in place as expected (Wiedmer, 2010). However, a slight collision with one of my seniors resulted in the emergence of an unhealthy working relationship between us. My senior stamped his authority over me by overly increasing my administrative responsibilities and simultaneously reducing my influence, which was not in line with contractual terms and conditions. The second case of bullying that I have witnessed in my workplace involves the denial of rest for the employee by the senior management (Wied mer, 2010). All United States marine officers sign contracts that allow them to take a short leave, at least three times a year. The senior management has been using the excuse of too much workload to deny employees their contractual rights and privileges. This has greatly affected efficiency of service delivery, productivity, and organizational culture because employees lacked the morale to do their work. Working in the United States Marine is very demanding, thus there is a need to ensure that all employees enjoy their benefits to the maximum. Employers have a responsibility to ensure that their workplaces are free of vices such as bullying. It is important for organizational leaders to understand that achieving this feat requires a lot of attention with regard to time, resources, and creation of the right atmosphere for change (Lavan Martin, 2008). Organizational leaders can apply a number of techniques to eradicate workplace bullying. First, I would recommend that organizationa l leaders establish causes and factors that promote the practice, and establish how employees feel about the problem. This would aid in the eradication of factors that encourage propagation of the vice. Bullying can be eradicated through fostering effective communication.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Workplace Bullying specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Secondly, I would recommend the identification of available resources and solutions to the problem from within the organization. This would entail the creation of awareness among the employees regarding the importance of teamwork and mutual respect. In addition, it would involve propagation of a culture of working together in order to develop and approve policies for eliminating the vice (Lavan Martin, 2008). Conclusion Bullying is one of the barriers that hinder individual and organizational success within the workplace. The vice has a negative i mpact on victims, as well as employers. It is the responsibility of every employer to ensure that they provide their employees with a safe and inclusive work environment that motivates them to work and allows them freedom of expression. Organizational leaders must ensure that bullies within the workplace are not protected regardless of their status in the organization. References Baack, D. (2011). Management Communication. New York: John Wiley Sons. Lavan, H., Martin, W. (2008). Bullying in the U.S. Workplace: Normative and process-oriented ethical approaches. Journal of Business Ethics, 83, 147-165. Wiedmer, T. (2010). Workplace bullying: costly and preventable. Delta Kappa Gamma  Bulletin, 77(2), 35-41. This essay on The Impact of Workplace Bullying was written and submitted by user Zayden Tyson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Classless America Essays - Discrimination, Hatred, Racism, Poverty

Classless America The myth of a "classless" American society coupled with social stratification impedes race relations in the U.S. far more than any racial differences. The never ending struggle of the "have-nots" to become one of the "haves" produces a frustration and feeling of oppression that acts as a catalyst for spawning racial tensions. Minorities see the majority of wealth in the hands of the white population and feel that the wealth is unevenly distributed. Whites hear of government programs for minorities and feel as if they are lazy or just looking for a handout. This occurs and stereotypes are formed. Combine all of this with the United States system of "dual welfare"and the perfect environment for racial strife is created. In our "classless"society of false hope the working class and poor are continually seeking opportunities to excel that just aren't there. They have been led to believe that intelligence and ambition are key contributors to one's success. This belief lays blame on the unsuccessful themselves, even if they do possess ambition and intelligence. These people are in a never ending cycle of struggle, followed by minimal rewards, which eventually produces a frustration that sometimes leads to desperate measures. Cornell West expands on this with the following statement : ". . . homicidal assaults by young black men on one another are only the most obvious signs of this empty quest for pleasure, property, and power" (Race and Racism p.123). This statement shows the extremes one will go to in his "empty quest" for a better life. This is not only happening 2 to blacks by blacks. It is happening to all races by all races. People hear of events like these and categorize them as a racial crime or a racially motivated crime just because the victims may be of a different race. As West's statement demonstrates the killings occur as a means to an end, the end being a better life. In our ever diversifying melting pot of a country, same race victim and criminal crimes are becoming less and less statistically likely anyway. Events such as these don't occur because of race. They occur because of the frustration and desperation bred by the false hope that hard work and determination leads to success. It is no mystery that most of the wealthy people in America are white. West again points out (Race and Racism p.124) that 86% of the wealth in the United States is owned by only 10% of the population. In this 10% the number of minorities is minute. The wealth owned by this few is there because they have kept it in their families throughout the generations. These are the same super-rich bloodlines as that of 150 years ago. These families were rich when no minorities (and hardly any whites for that matter) were. Almost everyone was working class or poor besides them. Minorities are aware of this uneven wealth distribution and this leads to resentment. Our government tries to compensate for this through special programs for minorities. When this occurs whatever groups are not receiving compensation see the other as lazy or as taking a handout. In 3 turn this leads to resentment. Different groups begin stereotyping each other due to the resentment which evolved through unequal wealth distribution, which itself is a product of our "classless" system. So in turn stereotypes that Mexicans are lazy, African Americans steal, Whites cannot dance and White men have small penises, Jews are ultra- thrifty, Lesbians are men haters, Gay men all like antiques, and Asians are shrewd at business and all stick together, are in all probability (definitely) unfounded. Despite the fact that these stereotypes are unfounded, much of the resentment may not be. Here in the United States as much, if not more, money is spent on programs for the rich as is spent on programs for the poor. Donna Langston points this out with the following statement: "We have a ?dual welfare' system in this country whereby welfare for the rich in the form of tax- free capital gain, guaranteed loans, oil depletion allowances, etc., is not regarded as welfare" (Race And Racism p.129). Here Langston compares the welfare of the poor (food stamps, w.i.c., medicaid, etc.) with the welfare

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Comparative Criminal Justice Essays (Varied)

Comparative Criminal Justice Essays (Varied) Free Online Research Papers Our world is no longer defined by its borders; financial transactions, business meetings, and personal communications between people half the globe away can all be done within milliseconds thanks to the technology we have, literally, at our fingertips. The advent of this technology has also yielded another by-product, other than the ability to communicate at speeds Edison and Einstein only theorized about: the need to study and understand the systems of justice that exist in the many corners of our world. Since modern technology allows for nations to interact considerably more freely than they did even 10 years ago, the ability to understand and compare the many justice systems of the world is paramount. One reason why the need to study the various justice systems of the world is paramount to students, is that the status quo should never be allowed to exist unchecked. For example, a student of the American criminal justice systems does themselves a disservice if the only system of law they study and find acceptable is their own criminal justice system. â€Å"A comparative view of legal systems allows us to understand better the dimensions of our own system† (Reichel, 2008, p.4-5). Another reason to study the justice system of other countries is that it allows the student the benefit of understanding how other societies deal with various crimes and social ills. For instance, a student who only has been exposed to a legal system who imprisons those found guilty of drug offenses, should not believe themselves to be well-rounded on the subject if they do not expose themselves to other legal systems where these types of crimes are handled differently, and include alternate forms of punishment outside of their own model of criminal justice. Lastly, by studying the justice systems of other countries allows for a student to create ways in which the legal system of their own country may possibly be modified to function more effectively and efficiently. â€Å"A technique used in one country to combat crime might be successfully adapted for use in another country† (Reichel, 2008, p.5). For example, can the conflict resolution techniques for the crime of theft by the Aboriginal people of Australia be adapted into the restorative justice practices used in Houston, Chicago, or Seattle (Reichel, 2008)? It seems our world becomes smaller and smaller each passing day. However, as much as modern technology has allowed us to communicate and execute business transactions between countries as never before, it has yet to familiarize the various criminal justice systems of the world in quite the same manner as technology has allowed people in California to share computer files with people in Finland. 2. The legal traditions recognized throughout the modern world are mostly creatures of the alpha-male societies of the ancient world. As the ancient world was claimed and re-claimed by various civilizations, one lasting impression that was left, even after some civilizations changed roles from conquerors to those who became conquered, was their respective system of law. Although the maps of the world have changed, scholars recognize that four legal traditions exist in our world today. One of these traditions is the common legal tradition. Rooted in ancient Roman society, the common legal tradition is centered on three tenets: feudal practices, customs, and equity. Even after the Romans hold over the ancient world became untenable, this one facet of their legal system remained, especially in the lands of their northwest conquests, such as present day England and Wales. During the Middle Ages in Western Europe, society was clearly demarcated into three realms: the king, nobles, and peasants. The king ruled supreme over a designated country or large geographical area, the nobles were charged with ensuring that the king’s lands were governed as the king saw fit, and that taxes were also collected. The peasants’ role was that of laborers and to maintain the king’s lands. As time progressed, this class system came to include more and more layers. â€Å"By the 1200s, when feudalism was on decline, several layers of feudal relations existed, f or example, the vassals of an important baron (the vassals’ lord) were in turn the lord of their own vassals† (Reichel, 2008, p. 107.) Since the crops and the land still had to be maintained, peasants remained a constant. However, as disagreements between lords and lords, and lords and their underlings began to occur, some measure had to be in place so that each layer of the feudal world had a form of legal remedy. Borrowing from Anglo-Saxon customs, William the Conqueror (1066-1087) introduced a system by which royal courts were created where barons presided over disputes between lesser nobles, and disputes among peasants were heard by the lord of their manor rather than in a royal court (Reichel, 2008). The use of custom is also rooted in the Anglo-Saxon and English feudal epochs. During these periods there emerged a reliance on the previous decisions a court had made in deciding a case that was presently before a court. This became a practice that was more frequently used and accepted, and laid the groundwork for the current practice of allowing precedent to govern how a court decides a case, or stare decisis. Lastly, the use of equity (or fairness) also defines common law. For too long those at the bottom of the social strata, seeking a legal remedy, found that those in power either provided too little punishment or an excessive amount of it. This became most prevalent during the mid-1350s, when â€Å"the people turned to the king and asked him to add fairness to the law† (Reichel, 2008, p. 110.) With the addition of equity as a free standing and permanent facet of the common law, this legal tradition has remained viable to the present day in such countries as the United States and Australia. Another legal tradition is called the civil legal tradition. Historically, this tradition is attributed most to the ancient Romans. The Romans delineated their justice system into three bodies. These legislative bodies enacted statutes for the nobility, senators, and the common people to follow. â€Å"The earliest form of written Roman law dates to 451 and 450 BCE, when a council of 10 men inscribed 12 bronze tablets with specifics concerning the rights of Roman citizens† (Reichel, 2008, p. 112). Another ingredient of civil law is canon law. Roman civil law was the universal law of the worldly empire, and canon law was the universal law of the spiritual realm (Merryman, 1985). Whereas civil courts administered Roman civil law, ecclesiastical courts managed the canon law (Reichel, 2008). Since Roman civil law and canon law were centered on existing via statutes, the codification of each provided for the final ingredient to this type of legal tradition. â€Å"Roman law and canon law provided a tradition of codification that, in turn, emphasized a revolutionary nature of law and stressed its written form† (Reichel, 2008, p. 114-115). The polar opposite of law driven by custom, codification gives civil law a revolutionary character and written format that adds to its separate identity among legal families (Reichel, 2008). Today, civil law is used by such countries as Italy, Colombia, and Holland. A third type of legal tradition is the socialist legal tradition. This legal tradition, created by the Roman Empire being split into an Eastern and Western Empire, distinguished itself from the Roman civil legal tradition in the west mainly because of geography. â€Å"Russian legal history borrows from the Eastern or Byzantine Empire, primarily because Russia’s contact with the eastern Romans did not occur until the 10th century† (Reichel, 2008, p. 117). Prior to Russia falling under Mongol rule in the 13th century, the main source of law came from the Russian Code of Laws which was written by Grand Prince Iaroslav the Wise (Reichel, 2008). During the Mongol control of Russia, Russian princes still retained their positions as judges, since keeping them in such positions allowed the Mongols to keep control and maintain law and order of a very vast and diverse country. â€Å"Control by Mongols essentially ended by 1490, and in 1497 the Grand Prince of Moscow issued a new Code of Laws for all territories subject to Moscow† (Reichel, 2008, p. 118). These laws echoed those of the Russian Code of Laws, but they also formed the foundation of Russia’s monarchical regime, which gave the power of interpreting the law to the grand prince who, in time, became known as the czar. Another hallmark of the socialist legal tradition is the belief of law as being artificial. This mindset was cultivated by many years of the common people witnessing the law benefitting the Bourgeoisie (the nobility) while alienating the Proletariat (common people). This manner of thinking existed for a long time, so long that by the time Marxism-Leninism took over Russian society one of its main teachings was that the need for law, any law, would cease to exist. After Marxism-Leninism became the focal point of post-revolution Russia, â€Å"the primary principle directing the new Soviet law was the idea that law is subordinate to policy† (Reichel, 2008, p. 120). The thought process here was that if the concept of law is artificial, it can be applied or disregarded as policy dictates. ‘The policy to which law is subordinate places the rights of the collectivized economy and the socialist state above the idea of law or the rights of an individual† (Reichel, 2008, p.120). With the demise of the Soviet Union and the independence of many former Soviet controlled countries, the socialist legal tradition appears to be the one tradition most likely to fade away. Today, this legal tradition is used only by a few of countries (Cuba, North Korea, China, and Vietnam). The final legal tradition centers on religion, more specifically the Islamic religion. Although this tradition can encompass other religions, such as Hinduism and Judism, with more than 1.3 billion followers Muslims represent about 20% of the world’s population, and as such deserve to be selected over other religions (Reichel, 2008). Islam is based on the teachings of their recognized god Allah and his messenger named Muhammad. Whereas Catholics, Protestants, Christians, and Lutherans are all religions that in some form govern the way a person should act towards themselves and others, none of these religions are as all encompassing of a person’s life the way Islam is. â€Å"Islam recognizes no distinction between a legal system and other controls on a person’s behavior, in fact Islam is said to provide all answers to questions about appropriate behavior in any sphere of life† (Reichel, 2008, p. 123). The Islamic faith has two sources of Islamic law (referred to as Shari’a). The primary source is the Qur’an. According to Reichel (2008), â€Å"The Qur’an contains rules for the religious, personal, social, economic, and all other aspects of Muslims’ lives†. The second source is called the Sunna. It is from this source that Muslims learn of the teachings of Muhammad. This is done via statements (or hadith) Muhammad made that have been handed down through the millennia from one trusted source to another. â€Å"A hadith contains three important parts: the statement itself; an indication of its authority by reference to the chain of reporters (i.e., A heard it from B who heard it from C who heard it from a companion of Muhammad); and a comment regarding the report as being something Muhammad did, said, or approved â€Å" (Reichel, 2008, p. 125). Islamic law is divided into five schools (or madhahib) of law: the Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi’I, Hanbali, and Fa’afari. Each of these schools of Islamic law recognizes the four basic sources of Islamic law (the Qur’an, the Sunna, qiyas, and ijma). â€Å"Cases not seemingly answered by the Qur’an or Sunna were to be handled through a consensus of legal authorities (the ijma) and by a process of reasoning by analogy, or qiyas† (Reichel, 2008, p. 126). However, the five schools are differentiated in the manner in which they interpret the teachings of Muhammad. Today, only Afghanistan and the Maldives practice strict Islamic law, while countries such as Egypt, Iraq, Qatar, India, and Saudi Arabia practice a combination of Islamic law and other traditions. Research Papers on Comparative Criminal Justice Essays (Varied)Capital PunishmentThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationPETSTEL analysis of IndiaBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionOpen Architechture a white paper

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 15

Personal Statement Example Moreover, I have taken part in volunteer work for different social institutions such as my local church and my local students association. For the local church, I volunteered as a math tutor for the children. My duty as a volunteer was to impart mathematical skills to children with difficulty in the area. Through this, I learnt the values of giving back to society. Moreover, in the process of volunteering, I worked as a treasurer for the Hong Kong Student Association accountable for funds in the association. Being a treasurer meant balancing the books of all income and expenditure that occurred in the association. As a result, I familiarized myself with basic manipulations in the accounting industry, and grew much passion with Business Accounting profession. It was also in this association that came to terms with language used in the accountancy field in the course of making presentations and preparing. In the association, I had to present to the members during meetings the budget of the association and account for funds that had been spent previously. I gained experience on how to use official business language and be accountable on large scale. At the end of all the volunteer programs and responsibilities I have participated in, I have amassed substantial experience and skills to motivate me to pursue business accounting. These skills range from responsibility and patience to hands on experience. As a result, I have the confidence and ability to join your institution and pursue my major without any